B Vitamins Cause Periods Again in Menopause

Postmenopausal Haemorrhage

Postmenopausal bleeding is vaginal haemorrhage that occurs a year or more subsequently your last menstrual period. It can be a symptom of vaginal dryness, polyps (noncancerous growths) or other changes in your reproductive organization. In about 10% of women, bleeding after menopause is a sign of uterine cancer.

Overview

What is postmenopausal bleeding?

Postmenopausal bleeding is bleeding that occurs after menopause. Menopause is a phase in a woman'southward life (around age 51) when reproductive hormones driblet and her monthly menstrual periods finish. Vaginal bleeding that occurs more than a year after a woman's last menstruum isn't normal. The bleeding can be light (spotting) or heavy.

Postmenopausal bleeding is usually due to benign (noncancerous) gynecological weather condition such as endometrial polyps. But for about ten% of women, haemorrhage after menopause is a sign of uterine cancer (endometrial cancer). Uterine cancer is the most common type of reproductive cancer (more common than ovarian or cervical cancers.) Talk to your healthcare provider if y'all experience whatsoever haemorrhage later menopause.

Who is more likely to have postmenopausal bleeding?

Anyone tin have vaginal bleeding, peculiarly during perimenopause. Perimenopause, the time leading upward to menopause, usually occurs between ages 40 and 50. It'southward the phase when a woman's hormone levels and periods start to modify.

How common is postmenopausal bleeding?

Postmenopausal bleeding occurs in about 10% of women over 55.

Symptoms and Causes

What causes postmenopausal bleeding?

The most common causes of bleeding or spotting afterward menopause include:

Endometrial or vaginal atrophy (lining of the uterus or vagina becomes thin and dry).
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) (estrogen and progesterone supplements that decrease some menopausal symptoms).
Uterine cancer or endometrial cancer (cancer in the lining of the uterus).
Endometrial hyperplasia (the lining of the uterus gets too thick and can contain abnormal cells).
Uterine polyps (growths in the uterus).

Other causes can include:

Cervical cancer (cancer in the neck).
Cervicitis or endometritis (infection or inflammation in the cervix or uterus).
Bleeding from other areas, nearby, in the float or rectum or bleeding from the skin of the vulva (exterior nearly the vagina).

Diagnosis and Tests

How exercise you know the cause of postmenopausal haemorrhage?

Identifying the cause of the bleeding tin include the post-obit:
Test by your provider of the vagina and cervix.
Pap smear to check the cervical cells.
Ultrasound, normally using a vaginal arroyo, which may include the use of saline to brand it easier to run into any uterine polyps.
Biopsy of the endometrium or uterus. In this process, your healthcare provider gently slides a small, harbinger-like tube into the uterus to collect cells to come across if they are abnormal. This is done in the office and can cause come up cramping.

Direction and Treatment

How is postmenopausal bleeding treated?

Handling for postmenopausal haemorrhage depends on its cause. Medication and surgery are the virtually mutual treatments.

Medications include:

Antibiotics tin care for well-nigh infections of the cervix or uterus.
Estrogen may help haemorrhage due to vaginal dryness. You can apply estrogen directly to your vagina as a cream, band or insertable tablet. Systemic estrogen therapy may come up as a pill or patch. When estrogen therapy is systemic, it means the hormone travels throughout the body.
Progestin is a synthetic course of the hormone progesterone. It can treat endometrial hyperplasia by triggering the uterus to shed its lining. You may receive progestin as a pill, shot, cream or intrauterine device (IUD).

Surgeries include:

Hysteroscopy is a process to examine your neck and uterus with a camera. Your healthcare provider inserts a hysteroscope (thin, lighted tube) into your vagina to remove polyps or other aberrant growths that may be causing bleeding. This tin be done in the office for diagnosis. To remove whatsoever growths, hysteroscopy is oft done in the operating room under general anesthesia.
Dilation and curettage (D&C) is a procedure to sample the lining and contents of the uterus. Your healthcare provider may perform a D&C with a hysteroscopy. A D&C tin treat some types of endometrial hyperplasia.
Hysterectomy is a surgery to remove your uterus and cervix. You may demand a hysterectomy if you have uterine cancer. Your healthcare provider can tell you lot about the different approaches to uterus removal. Some procedures are minimally invasive, and so they use very pocket-sized cuts (incisions).

Living With

When should I contact my doctor?

Contact your healthcare provider if you experience vaginal bleeding:

More than a year subsequently your final menstrual period.
More than a year afterwards starting hormone replacement therapy (HRT).

A note from Cleveland Clinic

Information technology'due south normal to have irregular vaginal haemorrhage in the years leading up to menopause. But if you have bleeding more a year afterward your terminal menstrual menstruum, it's time to see your healthcare provider. It could be the result of a elementary infection or beneficial growths. But in rare cases, haemorrhage could be a sign of uterine cancer.

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Source: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21549-postmenopausal-bleeding